El lenguaje como herramienta de [des]colonización: una lectura poscolonial de The Language Problem Of The Filipinos (1932) de Dr. Manuel V. Gallego

Autores/as

  • Rene Boy Abiva Manuel V. Gallego Foundation Colleges Autor/a

Palabras clave:

decolonization, Tagalog, language problem, Gallegan Philosophy, language planning and policies

Resumen

Este estudio revisita las contribuciones del Dr. Manuel Viola Gallego (1893–1976) a la política lingüística y al pensamiento educativo en Filipinas, con especial atención a su ensayo de 1932, The Language Problem of the Filipinos. A través de un análisis histórico poscolonial fundamentado en las obras de Frantz Fanon y Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o, la investigación sitúa la crítica de Gallego a la educación colonial y su promoción de la instrucción en lenguas vernáculas dentro de esfuerzos más amplios por afirmar la autonomía cultural e intelectual. El estudio analiza registros archivísticos, propuestas legislativas y textos publicados poco accesibles para reconstruir el papel de Gallego en el discurso nacional sobre lengua, identidad y educación. Del análisis emergen cinco hallazgos centrales. En primer lugar, la producción académica sobre Gallego sigue siendo limitada, a pesar de su influencia sustancial en la elaboración de leyes y en la educación pública. En segundo lugar, el problema lingüístico en Filipinas se origina en políticas coloniales que socavaron deliberadamente las prácticas lingüísticas nativas. En tercer lugar, la educación en lengua materna continúa enfrentando tanto resistencias ideológicas como barreras estructurales. En cuarto lugar, el desarrollo intelectual de las lenguas locales requiere un apoyo político constante y un compromiso institucional sostenido. En quinto lugar, el marco emergente de la Filosofía Gallegana, incluida su propuesta de incorporación en asignaturas como SSC 111 y SSC 112, carece de un sustento teórico en el pensamiento indígena y poscolonial. El estudio hace un llamado a un enfoque más coherente, históricamente informado y culturalmente arraigado para la planificación lingüística y el desarrollo curricular, y posiciona la obra de Gallego como una base crítica para la construcción de un sistema educativo que afirme la diversidad lingüística, la identidad nacional y la independencia intelectual.

Biografía del autor/a

  • Rene Boy Abiva, Manuel V. Gallego Foundation Colleges

    Asst. Prof. R.B. ABIVA, MAMP, MPCS, D.Litt. (h.c.) is a professor of Social Sciences, Filipino, Creative Writing, Research, and Literature at Manuel V. Gallego Foundation Colleges while also teaching Discourse, Language, Literature, and Translation at the Graduate School of Wesleyan University-Philippines (Cushman and Maria Aurora Campus). He is the author of 21 books of poetry, short stories, flash fiction, and novels. His works have been published by UP Press, Diliman Review, Liwayway, Bannawag, Sentro ng Wikang Filipino (SWF), National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA), Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP), among many others. He has also served as a language coach and cultural researcher for popular films and has worked as a Creative Director of the CCP for selected special projects. He is also an advocate of Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE).

    He has been recognized as a prolific writer by major universities within and outside the country due to his excellence in both creative and technical/academic writing. This is proven by his numerous papers presented at prestigious international research conferences. He has presented research in the fields of humanities and extension, such as at the Bintana International Conference 2025 (Far Eastern University), 8th International Conference on Asian and Philippine Studies (De La Salle University), 11th International Conference for Teacher Education (UP Visayas), among many others.

    He first enrolled at the Technological Institute of the Philippines (TIP) in Manila but finished his undergraduate studies at the Polytechnic University of the Philippines (PUP). After receiving a scholarship from DOST, he completed eleven Micro-Credential Courses (MCC) in Europe, America, the Middle East, and Japan. He also earned academic units in the Master of Arts in Educational Management program at the Graduate School of Cagayan State University. He completed his MA in Creative Writing at the Graduate School of the College of Arts and Letters, University of the Philippines-Diliman, with a GWA of 1.17. His master’s thesis won Best Thesis (Graduate Level) for the Gawad Antonio M. Abad.

    Abiva’s informal education in painting, sculpture, music, film, and journalism further enhanced his skills. Under the mentorship of renowned writers such as National Artists for Literature Virgilio Almario and Kidlat Tahimik, as well as other giants of Filipino literature like Jose Rey Munsayac, Jun Cruz Reyes, Jose Dalisay, Vim Nadera, and many others, he deepened his expertise as a poet, novelist, critic, journalist, and editor.

    He has received fellowships from the following:

    • Palihang Rogelio Sicat, 2018

    • Cordillera Creative Writers Workshop, 2018

    • Jeremias A. Calixto Ilokano Writers Workshop, 2019

    • UP National Writers Workshop, 2019

    • Palihang Linangan sa Imahen, Retorika at Anyo, 2021

    • Luntiang Palihan, 2022

    • Iligan National Writers Workshop- Southeast Asia, 2023.

    He was named Pasnaan 9 Most Outstanding Fellow by GUMIL-Filipinas, Bannawag Magazine, and the NCCA. He has also earned recognition from the Gawad Monico Atienza of UP Diliman, Peter Solis Nery Prize for Literature, Creators of Justice Literary Award (USA), Instabright National Literary Award (New York), Ophir Prize for Literature and the Arts, Saniata Prize, LIRA Prize, British Embassy-Manila, Department of Education, Office of the Vice-Chancellor of UP Diliman, and many more.

    On October 5, 2023, he was named Outstanding Faculty of the Institute of Teacher Education at Manuel V. Gallego Foundation Colleges. On February 22, 2024, the Masonic Brotherhood formally recognized his significant contribution to Novo Ecijano literature. He is a member of the Order of the Knights of Rizal (OKOR) with the rank of Knight Commander of Rizal (Provincial Commander for Nueva Ecija-Aurora). He was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal Award (OKOR) by the Supreme Council of the Rizalist fraternity for his active promotion of literature in Nueva Ecija.

    He is the founder of Samahang Lazaro Francisco (SLF) and an active member of the DOST-National Research Council of the Philippines (Division XI), Philippine PEN, LIRA, Unyon ng mga Manunulat ng Pilipinas (UMPIL), GUMIL-Filipinas, Pambansang Samahan ng Linggwistika at Literaturang Filipino (PSLLF), Kataga, NUJP, Order of the Knights of Rizal, and Nueva Ecija Odd Fellows Lodge No. 38. He is a registered writer, author, translator, literature teacher, and literary expert with the National Book Development Board-Philippines, and a Fellow of the Order of Writers at Theophany University-Haiti.

    At present, he is preparing his next project: the republication of the 1954 Constitution of the Brotherhood of Filipino Language Scholars by National Artist for Literature Lazaro Francisco and The Language Problem of the Filipinos (1932) by Dr. Manuel Viola Gallego.

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Publicado

2026-01-14

Cómo citar

El lenguaje como herramienta de [des]colonización: una lectura poscolonial de The Language Problem Of The Filipinos (1932) de Dr. Manuel V. Gallego. (2026). Critical Journal of Social Sciences, 1(2), 183-199. https://criticaljournalofsocialsciences.com/index.php/CJSS/article/view/34